What does a root cause analysis aim to identify?

Root cause analysis is a systematic approach used to investigate and determine the fundamental reasons behind adverse events or incidents, particularly in healthcare settings. This process focuses on identifying underlying factors that contribute to safety incidents, rather than simply addressing the immediate problems or symptoms. By recognizing these root causes, healthcare providers can implement effective strategies and interventions to prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future, thereby enhancing patient safety and improving overall care quality.

The focus of root cause analysis on underlying reasons positions it as a critical practice in monitoring and improving healthcare systems, making option B the most relevant and accurate choice in this context.